Ronchey, S. Introduction. “Il Buddha bizantino.” Storia di Barlaam e Ioasaf. La vita bizantina del Buddha. Eds. S. Ronchey and P. Cesaretti. Einaudi: Turin, 2012. vii-cvii.

The co-translator’s and co-editor’s introductory essay (Il Buddha bizantino, pp. vii-cvii) traces in one hundred pages the first, albeit concise, historical-philological evaluation of the issue of the Barlaam and Ioasaph compiled in mind with the new critical edition by Robert Volk (Historia animae utilis de Barlaam et Ioasaph, I-II, Berlin – New York 2006-2009, which only now replaces the nineteenth century editio princeps by Jean François Boissonade) and, in particular, his monumental prolegomena (Einführung, ivi, vol. II).  The introduction takes into account the crucial new research results present in the latter and, in general, which have emerged from the more than thirty years of research separating this new Italian edition from the first published by the two editors in 1980 (S. Ronchey and P. Cesaretti, eds., Vita bizantina di Barlaam e Ioasaf, Introduction, Notes, Biblical Repertory, Italian translation. Milan: Rusconi, 1980, 317 pp.). The essay sheds light on the evolution of the narrative nucleus from Eastern versions of the life of Buddha to the Georgian Christianisation, as well as to the formalisation, and authorial attribution of the Greek Byzantine narrative (for which Volk’s results are decisive), up until the success of the History of Barlaam and Ioasaph and its apologists in the modern age.  All of the philological aspects touched on by Volk are analysed concisely and clarified as much as possible, with the addition of elements intentionally bypassed by Volk, such as those relating to Buddhist or Manichaean studies or the reception of the text in the history of Medieval and modern literature or, eventually, the more general cultural and literary meaning of the work in the world of Byzantine civilisation and, more tangentially, in the context of post-iconoclast speculation and the so-called encyclopaedism of the 10th  and 11th centuries. Therefore, the essay represents an overall introduction to the Barlaam and Ioasaph and its various aspects and the history of the scholarship surrounding it, as well as the enormous circumstances of its influence.  What emerges is a “philological novel” that reveals how the study of textual tradition can touch the heart of cultural exchange and, in this case, the intricate relations between East and West.